投稿者: user ss

  • Ubuntu Data Backup Automation

    Ubuntu Data Backup Automation

    • name: Ubuntu Data Backup Automation
      hosts: from_server
      become: yes
      vars:
      source_dir: “/path/to/source” # Change to the actual folder to back up
      dest_dir: “/path/to/destination” # Change to the actual backup location on TO server
      to_server: “to_server_user@to_server_ip”
      ssh_key: “~/.ssh/id_rsa” # Change to the correct SSH key tasks:
      • name: Install rsync if not present
        apt:
        name: rsync
        state: present
      • name: Ensure SSH key exists for passwordless authentication
        ansible.builtin.copy:
        src: “{{ ssh_key }}.pub”
        dest: “/home/{{ ansible_user }}/.ssh/authorized_keys”
        remote_src: yes
      • name: Create cron job for periodic backup
        ansible.builtin.cron:
        name: “Automated Data Backup”
        minute: “0”
        hour: “*/6” # Runs every 6 hours
        job: “rsync -az –delete -e ‘ssh -i {{ ssh_key }}’ {{ source_dir }}/ {{ to_server }}:{{ dest_dir }}/”
  • OpenFOAM data format

    OpenFOAM data format

    In OpenFOAM, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) solver, data files do not have a single standard file suffix like other software. Instead, OpenFOAM organizes data in directories and specific file types based on simulation cases.

    Common OpenFOAM File Types and Suffixes

    File TypeSuffix / FormatDescription
    Case Files(no fixed suffix, folder-based)OpenFOAM cases are stored in directories (caseName/)
    Mesh Files.obj, .stl, .msh, .foamMesh files from external sources (STL for surface meshes, MSH for Fluent/Gambit)
    Control DictionarycontrolDict (no suffix)Main simulation control file (system/controlDict)
    Boundary Conditions.U, .p, .T (no suffix)Initial and boundary condition files inside 0/ directory
    Solver Executables(no suffix, Linux binary)Solvers like simpleFoam, pisoFoam, icoFoam
    Post-Processing Files.vtk, .vtu, .foam, .csvOutput files for visualization in ParaView or Tecplot
    Time-Step Data(numeric directories, e.g., 100, 200)Simulation output stored in time folders
    Decomposed CasesprocessorX/ directoriesFiles for parallel processing (processor0/, processor1/, etc.)

    Key Notes

    • OpenFOAM is directory-based, meaning case files are not stored as .dat or .txt files like Fluent or Abaqus.
    • .foam files are often used to load OpenFOAM cases into ParaView for visualization.
    • Mesh data can be imported/exported in STL, OBJ, or MSH formats.

  • Linuxに関する資格試験

    Linuxに関する資格試験

    Linuxに関する資格試験にはいくつかの種類があり、それぞれ目的や難易度が異なります。以下に代表的なLinux資格試験の種類を一覧でまとめ、特徴を簡潔に説明します。これらは日本国内外で認知されている主要な資格です。

    1. LPIC (Linux Professional Institute Certification)

    • 運営団体: Linux Professional Institute (LPI)
    • 概要: 世界中で認知されているLinux技術者認定資格。ベンダーニュートラル（特定のディストリビューションに依存しない）で、Linuxの基礎から上級スキルまでをカバー。
    • レベル:
    • LPIC-1: 初心者向け。基本操作とシステム管理を証明。
    • LPIC-2: 中級者向け。ネットワーク管理やサーバ構築をカバー。
    • LPIC-3: 上級者向け。専門分野（セキュリティ、仮想化、高可用性など）に特化。
    • 難易度: レベル1は初心者でも挑戦可能だが、レベル3は実務経験が必要な場合が多い。
    • 特徴: グローバルに通用する資格で、海外でのキャリアにも有利。

    2. LinuC (Linux技術者認定試験)

    • 運営団体: LPI-Japan
    • 概要: 日本市場向けに最適化されたLinux資格。LPICをベースにしつつ、日本のIT環境に合わせた内容。
    • レベル:
    • LinuC-1: 基礎的なLinux操作と管理。
    • LinuC-2: 仮想化やサーバ構築を含む中級スキル。
    • LinuC-3: 高度な専門知識（セキュリティ、システムアーキテクチャなど）。
    • 難易度: LPICと似ているが、実践的で日本の業務に即した内容。
    • 特徴: 受験者にスコアや項目別の結果を提供し、学習のフィードバックが得やすい。

    3. Linux Foundation 認定資格

    • 運営団体: Linux Foundation
    • 概要: 実技試験を重視し、現場で使えるスキルを証明。国際的な評価が高い。
    • 種類:
    • LFCS (Linux Foundation Certified System Administrator): システム管理の基礎。
    • LFCE (Linux Foundation Certified Engineer): 上級者向けのシステム運用・管理。
    • CKA (Certified Kubernetes Administrator): Kubernetes運用に特化。
    • 難易度: 実技ベースのため、Linux未経験者には難易度が高い。
    • 特徴: クラウドやコンテナ技術を含む現代的な内容。

    4. Red Hat 認定資格

    • 運営団体: Red Hat
    • 概要: Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)に特化した資格。実技試験で実践力が試される。
    • 種類:
    • RHCSA (Red Hat Certified System Administrator): 基本的なシステム管理。
    • RHCE (Red Hat Certified Engineer): 上級者向けのシステム設計・運用。
    • RHCA (Red Hat Certified Architect): 最高レベルで複数の専門分野を網羅。
    • 難易度: RHELに特化しているため、特定環境での実務経験が有利。
    • 特徴: Red Hat製品を使う企業で特に評価される。

    5. Linux Essentials

    • 運営団体: Linux Professional Institute (LPI)
    • 概要: LPICの入門資格。Linuxの基本知識やオープンソースの理解を証明。
    • 難易度: 初心者向けで、IT全般の基礎学習にも役立つ。
    • 特徴: サーバー管理者を目指す前のステップとして推奨。

    その他の関連資格

    • CompTIA Linux+: ベンダーニュートラルで、Linuxの基礎スキルを証明。初心者向け。
    • Oracle Linux認定: Oracle Linuxに特化した資格で、特定環境向け。

    まとめ

    • 初心者向け: Linux Essentials、LPIC-1、LinuC-1、CompTIA Linux+
    • 中級者向け: LPIC-2、LinuC-2、RHCSA
    • 上級者・専門家向け: LPIC-3、LinuC-3、RHCE、LFCE、CKA

    目的に応じて選択するのが重要です。例えば、グローバルなキャリアを目指すならLPICやLinux Foundation系、日本国内での実践力を重視するならLinuC、Red Hat環境ならRed Hat認定が適しています。どの資格もLinuxスキルの証明としてIT業界で価値があります。

  • Fortran IV G1 compiler

    Fortran IV G1 compiler

    It seems like you’re asking about the “Fortran IV G1 compiler.” Based on historical context, this likely refers to one of IBM’s Fortran IV compilers developed for the System/360 series in the mid-1960s. IBM offered several Fortran IV compilers—named F, G, H, and later others—each distinguished by the amount of memory they required to operate and their optimization levels. The “G” compiler, in particular, was a widely used version, and “G1” might be a specific variant or a misremembered designation.

    To clarify: Fortran IV (often associated with the 1966 standard, Fortran 66) was a significant evolution of the Fortran language, introducing features like logical IF statements and explicit type declarations. The IBM Fortran IV G compiler was designed for the System/360, requiring a modest amount of memory (typically around 64K bytes) compared to the more advanced H compiler. It was less optimized than H but more practical for smaller systems.

    Unfortunately, no Fortran IV G1 compiler (or even G) is readily available today as a standalone tool, especially not for modern systems. These were proprietary IBM products tied to specific hardware like the System/360, and their original distributions are long obsolete. However, here’s how you might approach this:

    1. Modern Compilers for Fortran IV Code: Most contemporary Fortran compilers (e.g., GNU Fortran gfortran, Intel Fortran ifort or ifx, or NAG Fortran) can compile Fortran IV code with minimal adjustments, as the language has maintained a high degree of backward compatibility. For instance:
    • gfortran (part of GCC) supports Fortran 77 and later standards, which encompass Fortran IV features. You’d need to ensure fixed-format source (columns 7–72 for code, column 1 for comments with C or *) and possibly adjust for deprecated constructs like Hollerith constants.
    • Intel Fortran compilers offer a -f66 flag to enforce Fortran 66 semantics, which aligns closely with Fortran IV.
    1. Emulation: If you specifically need the IBM Fortran IV G compiler’s behavior (e.g., for historical accuracy), you’d need an emulator for the System/360, such as Hercules, paired with an original IBM OS like OS/360. The compiler itself would require vintage software archives, which are rare and often inaccessible outside of specialized collections or museums.
    2. Practical Steps: If you have Fortran IV code you want to run:
    • Rename the file with a .f extension (e.g., program.f).
    • Try compiling with gfortran -ffixed-form program.f -o program. The -ffixed-form flag ensures it respects the old card-based layout.
    • Fix any errors (e.g., outdated I/O statements like WRITE (6,10) referencing unit 6 for output might need adjustment depending on the system).

    If “G1” refers to something more specific (e.g., a typo or a different system), could you clarify? For example, was this code intended for a non-IBM platform, or do you have a particular source file in mind? Without additional context, I’m assuming you’re seeking general information or a way to use such a compiler today.

    Given it’s March 4, 2025, no original Fortran IV G1 compiler is in active use, but modern tools can bridge the gap. Let me know if you need help with a specific code example!

  • Why HTML Files Aren’t Directly Rendered as Emails in Teams

    Why HTML Files Aren’t Directly Rendered as Emails in Teams

    It’s important to understand that Microsoft Teams handles HTML content differently depending on how it’s presented. Here’s a breakdown of the situation and how to approach it:
    Why HTML Files Aren’t Directly Rendered as Emails in Teams:

    For viewing the content of a saved HTML file, download it and open it in a web browser.

    Teams is a Collaboration Platform:

    Teams primarily focuses on chat, file sharing, and collaboration. While it integrates with Outlook, it doesn’t replicate the full email client experience within its chat interface.

    Security Concerns:

    Directly rendering arbitrary HTML could pose security risks. Teams has to balance functionality with protection against malicious code.

    Rendering Differences:

    HTML rendering can vary across different applications. Teams might not have the same rendering engine as a dedicated email client.
    How to Approach Viewing HTML Email Content in Teams:

    If the HTML is from an Email Sent to a Teams Channel:

    When an email is sent to a Teams channel, Teams attempts to display the content. However, complex HTML or elements that Teams doesn’t support might not render correctly.

    Sometimes, Teams will display the raw HTML code instead of the rendered version.

    Factors that can affect this are:

    Complex CSS.

    JavaScript.

    External image links that are blocked.

    Malformed HTML.

    Viewing the HTML File:

    If you’ve uploaded an HTML file directly to Teams, it will generally be treated as a file.

    To view it as intended, you’ll likely need to:

    Download the file: Download the .html file from Teams.

    Open in a Web Browser: Open the downloaded file in a web browser (like Chrome, Firefox, or Edge). This will render the HTML as a webpage.

    Outlook Integration:

    For actual email viewing, rely on the Outlook application or Outlook on the web, which are designed for that purpose. Teams integrates with Outlook, so you can access your emails through those applications.
    In summary:

    Teams isn’t designed to be a full-fledged HTML email rendering engine.

    For proper HTML email viewing, use Outlook.